Supplements9 min read
Fadogia agrestis: what the animal studies do—and do not—show
Fadogia’s testosterone reputation comes mainly from animal studies. Learn what those experiments, toxicity signals and product analyses can establish.
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Research, explained. Explore peptides, supplements and hormone health with clear, practical breakdowns of what the studies actually tell us.
Supplements articles
All articlesNutrition, performance and everyday health
Supplements8 min read
Beta-alanine tingles: what they mean and how performance is tested
Tingling is a skin response, not proof of better exercise. Explore the trials that separate beta-alanine absorption, muscle carnosine and performance.
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Supplements9 min read
Citrulline, the workout pump and the harder question of training benefit
Citrulline trials measure blood markers, repetitions and muscle changes. Explore why a pump and a lasting training benefit require different evidence.
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Beetroot and endurance: why your starting fitness matters
Nitrate-rich beetroot can change exercise physiology, but faster performance is not universal. Compare trials in club, trained and elite athletes.
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Resveratrol and exercise: an antioxidant story can have trade-offs
Resveratrol did not consistently improve exercise adaptation, and one trial found smaller gains. Understand the trade-offs, favorable signals and study limits.
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Supplements9 min read
Spermidine and autophagy: what the human studies can tell us
What spermidine studies reveal about autophagy, blood polyamines, memory and immune cells—and why none is a personal measure of longevity.
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Chromium and blood sugar: what your starting health can tell you
Chromium trials differ by starting glucose control and treatment setting. Learn why this does not establish a chromium deficiency.
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Supplements8 min read
Passionflower and anxiety: what changes between a procedure and daily life?
Passionflower trials range from surgery to persistent anxiety. Their findings depend on the setting, comparator and whether symptoms or biomarkers improved.
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Supplements8 min read
Undenatured collagen and collagen peptides: what the difference means
Collagen form changes the question: native type II collagen, hydrolyzed peptides, joint symptoms and range of motion.
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Boswellia for joint symptoms: the extract details deserve the headline
Boswellia trials test specific extracts. Compare standardization, daily amounts, symptoms and biological markers without turning promising results into repair claims.
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PQQ and mitochondria: what the human trials actually measured
PQQ trials have measured mitochondrial signals, exercise, strength and cognition. Those outcomes tell different stories about the supplement's potential.
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Supplements9 min read
Pterostilbene's bioavailability advantage does not establish a health advantage
Pterostilbene’s absorption reputation rests heavily on animal studies. Its human evidence includes an LDL rise, a blood-pressure signal and important limits.
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