Peptides9 min read
Kisspeptin's desire studies: what brain responses can tell us
Kisspeptin-54 changed sexual brain responses in short trials. Here is what imaging, tumescence and questionnaire results mean for daily treatment.
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Research, explained. Explore peptides, supplements and hormone health with clear, practical breakdowns of what the studies actually tell us.
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All articlesMetabolism, recovery and emerging research
Peptides8 min read
Gonadorelin versus hCG: two different places in the hormone pathway
Gonadorelin and hCG enter the reproductive hormone pathway at different points. Learn why similar hormone goals do not establish clinical interchangeability.
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Peptides8 min read
PT-141 versus sildenafil: desire and erections differ
Compare the treatment questions behind PT-141 and sildenafil, from receptor mechanisms to male laboratory studies, combination evidence and safety.
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Peptides9 min read
LL-37 wound research: why wound size and wound cause matter
Human LL-37 wound studies have mixed results. Understand the larger trial’s overall finding, its exploratory size subgroup and the difference between granulation and closure.
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Peptides9 min read
Melanotan I vs Melanotan II: similar names, different evidence
Melanotan I and II share a research history, but their molecules, human studies and finished products are different. Learn which conclusions cannot be transferred.
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Peptides9 min read
What a MOTS-c blood test can and cannot tell you
MOTS-c blood measurements are scientifically interesting, but assay differences and missing clinical thresholds limit what an individual result can tell you.
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Peptides9 min read
GHK-Cu for skin: what the small human studies actually measured
What small GHK-Cu trials measured in wrinkles, laser recovery, ulcers, and eyebrows—and where cosmetic claims exceed those findings.
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Peptides9 min read
CJC-1295 with DAC or no DAC: why the name changes the evidence
DAC changes the molecule and its exposure. Learn which CJC-1295 form was studied and why no-DAC labels cannot inherit its clinical results.
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Peptides9 min read
Semax and ADHD: a plausible mechanism is not a tested treatment
ADHD claims need studies of the diagnosis and its daily effects. Semax mechanisms, small healthy-volunteer experiments and older report citations do not settle that question.
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Peptides9 min read
Thymosin alpha-1 and long COVID: what the studies actually tested
Hospital trials and diluted blood-sample experiments ask different questions. Here is what thymosin alpha-1 research can tell people living with long COVID.
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Peptides9 min read
BPC-157 and gut healing: start with the diagnosis
Gut healing is not a diagnosis. BPC-157's limited human ulcerative-colitis evidence cannot establish a treatment for IBS, celiac disease or every digestive symptom.
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Peptides9 min read
MOTS-c rises with exercise: why that does not prove injections mimic exercise
Human exercise studies measured the body's own MOTS-c. Mouse treatment experiments and a newer trial registration cannot yet show that injections reproduce exercise.
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